What constitutes fraud in federal healthcare programs?

Fraud in federal healthcare programs is primarily characterized by intentional acts that deceive or mislead to obtain an unauthorized benefit or payment. Accepting bribes or kickbacks for services is a clear example of such fraudulent behavior because it involves corrupt practices that violate laws and ethical standards. These actions not only compromise the integrity of healthcare delivery but also lead to unnecessary costs to the healthcare system.

The other choices do not align with the definition of fraud. Accepting payment for legitimate services is part of standard operations in healthcare and does not constitute fraud. Providing services above standard care, while it may raise concerns about over-treatment or unnecessary procedures, does not inherently imply deception or intent to commit fraud. Enhancing patient satisfaction is a key objective in healthcare delivery, and it falls within ethical practices rather than fraud. Therefore, bribes or kickbacks are the definitive representation of fraudulent activity in the context of federal healthcare programs.