What is the penalty situation for Ms. Thomas if she enrolls in Part B after her employer group coverage ends?

When an individual, such as Ms. Thomas, enrolls in Medicare Part B after their employer group coverage ends, they are usually entitled to a Special Enrollment Period (SEP). This allows them to enroll in Part B without facing a late enrollment penalty if they do so within 8 months of losing their employer-sponsored health coverage. The SEP is designed to protect individuals who have maintained credible health coverage through their employer from unnecessary penalties when transitioning to Medicare.

If Ms. Thomas enrolls during this 8-month period, she will not incur any penalties, making this option the correct choice. After this period, if she does not enroll in Part B, she would face a late enrollment penalty, which adds a percentage to her premium for every 12 months she was eligible but did not enroll. Hence, understanding the importance of the enrollment window is crucial in avoiding potential financial repercussions.